Exercise Boosts Cognition For People With ADHD, Study Reveals : Science alert
Introduction
A groundbreaking study from Taiwan reveals that just 30 minutes of aerobic exercise can provide a short-term cognitive boost for individuals with ADHD. This discovery highlights the potential of physical activity as a complementary strategy for managing ADHD symptoms. Read on to learn how exercise impacts the brain and why it could be a game-changer for those with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.
The Study: Aerobic Exercise and ADHD
Led by neuroscientist Hsiao-I Kuo from National Taiwan University, the research team explored how aerobic exercise affects brain activity in people with ADHD. The study involved 26 unmedicated adults with ADHD and 26 non-ADHD participants, all around 23 years old.
Participants engaged in two 30-minute sessions on a stationary exercise bike, which included a warm-up, workout, and cool-down. For comparison, they also completed control sessions where they sat on the bike while watching a nature documentary.
Key Findings: Exercise Improves Cognitive Performance
The study yielded fascinating results:
- Increased Cortical Inhibition in ADHD Participants: Aerobic exercise boosted short-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI) in individuals with ADHD, a process linked to improved focus and self-control.
- Enhanced Cognitive Tasks: Post-exercise, ADHD participants performed better in tasks measuring inhibitory control and motor learning.
- Contrasting Effects in Non-ADHD Individuals: While non-ADHD participants also saw improvements in motor learning, their SICI decreased, and there was no significant impact on inhibitory control.
Why Does Exercise Help People with ADHD?
The findings suggest that aerobic exercise may “normalize” brain activity in individuals with ADHD, similar to the effects of methylphenidate (commonly sold as Ritalin). This medication increases dopamine and norepinephrine levels, which are often lower in people with ADHD.
Exercise appears to enhance the GABAergic system, which regulates neural activity and helps maintain balance in the brain. This could explain why participants experienced better focus and motor skills after working out.
Types of Aerobic Exercise That Can Help
The study highlights that any form of aerobic exercise that raises the heart rate can be beneficial. Examples include:
- Fast walking
- Jogging
- Swimming
- Dancing
- Cycling
These activities are accessible, affordable, and easy to incorporate into daily routines.
Limitations and Future Research
While the study is promising, it has some limitations:
- The cognitive benefits were short-term, and it’s unclear how long they last.
- The sample size was relatively small, and all participants were young adults.
- Exercise is not a standalone treatment for ADHD but could complement other strategies like medication and therapy.
The researchers emphasize the need for further studies to explore the long-term effects of exercise on ADHD symptoms.
Practical Takeaways for People with ADHD
If you or a loved one has ADHD, consider adding aerobic exercise to your daily routine. Here’s how to get started:
- Choose an Activity You Enjoy: Whether it’s cycling, dancing, or swimming, pick something you’ll stick with.
- Start Small: Begin with 10-15 minutes of exercise and gradually increase to 30 minutes.
- Make It a Habit: Consistency is key. Aim for at least 3-5 sessions per week.
- Combine with Other Strategies: Use exercise alongside medication, therapy, or other ADHD management techniques.
Conclusion: Exercise as a Cognitive Boost for ADHD
This study underscores the potential of aerobic exercise to improve focus, self-control, and motor skills in individuals with ADHD. While more research is needed, the findings offer hope for a simple, natural way to enhance cognitive performance.
