A graph representing the US adult population with obesity by sex according to the study.JAMA Health Forum
For the first time in over ten years, obesity rates in the United States have shown a slight decline, according to a new study published on December 16, 2024. The study, conducted by researchers at JAMA Health Forum, revealed a drop from 46% in 2022 to 45.6% in 2023. While the decrease is modest, it marks a significant milestone in the fight against obesity.
The researchers analyzed data from 16.7 million American adults over a decade, focusing on body mass index (BMI). The average BMI, which had steadily increased yearly, peaked at 30.24 in 2022 but fell to 30.21 in 2023. A BMI over 30 is classified as obese.
The most notable reductions were seen in women across various age groups and adults aged 66 to 75. Southern states, which lead the nation in the use of GLP-1 receptor agonist medications like Ozempic and Wegovy, reported the most significant improvements. These drugs, initially developed to treat type 2 diabetes, have surged in popularity as weight loss aids.
Between 2019 and 2023, the use of these medications grew by 700%, according to an Annals of Internal Medicine study. This boom coincided with a shift in public focus on health after the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly in regions where obesity was linked to higher mortality rates during the outbreak.
While the decline in obesity rates is encouraging, experts caution against assuming this trend will persist. The study highlights the need for sustainable changes in lifestyle and healthcare access to maintain progress.
Obesity remains a serious health concern in the U.S., with nearly 60% of obese adults experiencing high blood pressure and 23% diagnosed with diabetes, according to the CDC. It also contributes to heart disease, liver conditions, and other chronic illnesses.
Policy debates around weight loss drugs like Ozempic continue to heat up. While some advocate for broader access, others, including key government figures, voice concerns over costs. Recently, the Biden administration proposed extending Medicaid and Medicare coverage for these drugs, further fueling the conversation.
The study offers hope for tackling obesity, but it underscores the importance of addressing underlying issues such as accessibility, affordability, and long-term health strategies.
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